Gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi muri sisitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi

Intangiriro

Gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi yihariye ni ikintu cyingenzi muri sisitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi, guharanira ingufu z'amashanyarazi, umutekano, umutekano, na sisitemu yizewe. Yagenewe inganda, ubucuruzi, nakamaro, ubwo bubiko butanga igenzura ryimiryango, burinde ibice byamabara, kandi bizamura imikorere yibikorwa. Yubatswe hamwe nibikoresho byiza, bitanga imikorere isumba byose, amahitamo yihariye, hamwe nibiranga umutekano kugirango byujuje ibyifuzo remezo remezo bya none.

Gukwirakwiza Amashanyarazi Kugukwirakwiza

Ikwirakwizwa ry'amashanyarazi ryakozwe kugira ngo ritange ingufu zidashira mu muzunguruko nyinshi mu gihe ukomeje gushikama amashanyarazi. Ifite ibikoresho byo kumena umuzunguruko, busbar, hamwe nibikoresho byo kurinda umutekano kugirango birinde ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi birenga hamwe n'imirongo migufi. Hamwe naYubatswe nezaImiterere, Inama y'Abaminisitiri yongera imicungire y'ingufu, igabanya igihe cyo hasi, kandi igahitamo imbaraga. Byakoreshwa mubihingwa byo gukora, ibigo byamakuru, cyangwa inyubako nini zubucuruzi, bituma ibikorwa byamashanyarazi bifite ibyago bike byo gutsindwa.

Ibiranga amashanyarazi byateye imbere birashobora guhuzwa mu Guverinoma, bituma habaho gukurikiranwa na voltage, ubungubu, n'imbaraga. Metero yumunyabwenge hamwe na sensor bafasha abashinzwe gukurikirana imikorere ya sisitemu kure, hashingiwe ku buryo hakiri kare, hagamijwe kumenyekanisha amashanyarazi no gukumira ibishobora kunanirwa. Mugushiramo ibice bikora ingufu, ubucuruzi burashobora kugera kubikoresha byonyine, kugabanya ibiciro bikora, no gutanga umusanzu mubikorwa birambye.

 

Kubaka kuramba no gushushanya

Yubatswe n'icyuma gikonje cyangwa ibyuma bidafite ishingiro, Inama y'Abaminisitiri ikwirakwizwa itanga igihe kirekire kandi irwanya imbuto nziza, bigatuma ari byiza kubidukikije bikaze. Intore y'Abaminisitiri irarangiye hamwe n'ifu yo gukingira ifu, kurekura no kurwanya kwambara no gutanyagura. Iboneka mubunini butandukanye nibiboneza, birashobora guhuzwa no kwakira ibyangombwa byihariye. Amahitamo yihariye arimo padular panel ishushanya, kumera no gufata imiryango hamwe nuburyo bwo gufunga hogejwe kumutekano wongerewe.

Byongeye kandi, Inama y'Abaminisitiri irashobora kuba igamije kwakira ibintu bitandukanye by'ibidukikije. Kurugero, akabati kashyizwe mubikorwa byo hanze birashobora gushyirwahoIkirere cya Sitasiyo na Sisitemu ya Ventilationkurinda ubushuhe, umukungugu, n'ubushyuhe bukabije. Kuburyo bwinganda, ibihamya-bifatika kandi bishingiye ku nzego zishimangirwa birashobora gushyirwa no guhuza ibisabwa n'umutekano. Uru rwego rwo kwitondera rutuma Inama y'Abaminisitiri ibereye inganda nini, harimo n'igisekuru cy'amashanyarazi, peteroli na gaze, hamwe n'ingufu zingufu.

Umutekano no kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho

Umutekano nicyo kintu cyambere cyambere muri sisitemu yamashanyarazi, kandi ubu bushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi bugenewe kubahiriza IEC, Nema, na uL. Irimo ibikoresho byo kurwanya umuriro birwanya umuriro, guhumeka imitekerereze yubushyuhe, na sisitemu yo gucengera kugirango irinde ingaruka z'amashanyarazi. Inama y'Abaminisitiri ifite ibikoresho by'umukoresha-inangiye ingiramu kandi ikurikirana interineti, yemerera abashoramari kumenya imizunguruko byoroshye no gukora neza. Igishushanyo cyacyo kigabanya ibyago byamakosa yamashanyarazi, kurinda abakozi nibikoresho byo kubyara.

Kwishyira hamwe uburyo bwo kurinda ubwenge butuma amakosa agaragara kandi yigunze vuba, yirinda kunanirwa kwa cuscading mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Kurinda bigufi-bigufi, Kumenya birenze urugero, na sisitemu yo gufunga byikora itanga urwego rwinyongera. Gufunga / Tagout (Loto) Ibicuruzwa byongera umutekano mubyemerera guhagarika umutekano mugihe cyo kubungabunga ibikorwa byo kubungabunga, hagabanywa ibyago byo gutoranya impanuka cyangwa kwangiza sisitemu.

Kwishyiriraho no gufata neza

Gushiraho neza Inama y'Abaminisitiri myuganwa yihariye ni ngombwa kugira ngo hashingiwe ku mikorere myiza n'umutekano. Mbere yo kwishyiriraho, isuzuma ryurubuga rigomba gukorwa kugirango tumenye ahantu heza ho kugerwaho, guhumeka, no gushyigikirwa. Inama y'Abaminisitiri igomba gushyirwaho ku butaka buhamye, bufite umutekano neza kugirango ikumire kunyeganyega, no guhuza ibisabwa.
Inteko zamashanyarazi zigomba gukurikira ibishushanyo mbonera ninganda kugirango umenye neza imirongo yinjira kandi isohoka. Ibirango namabara bigomba kubahirizwa kugirango bamenyekane byoroshye imizunguruko nibigize. Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, kwipimisha byuzuye bigomba gukorwa kugirango tumenye ubusugire bwamashanyarazi, gutondekanya neza, no gukwirakwiza imitwaro.

Kubungabunga bisanzwe ni ngombwa kurikwizerwa igihe kirekire. Igenzura risanzwe rigomba gukorwa kugirango rirebe ibimenyetso byo kwambara, ruswa, cyangwa gushyuha. Umukungugu n'imyanda bigomba gusukurwa mu kayira uhumeka, kandi amahuza yose agomba kongerwa buri gihe kugirango wirinde insinga. Amashusho yubushyuhe arashobora gukoreshwa mugutahura ibishya byihishe muri sisitemu, yemerera kubungabunga imikorere mbere yuko gutsindwa.

Ibikorwa bitandukanye mu nganda

Ubu butegetsi bw'ingufu bukwiriye inganda zitandukanye, harimo no gukora, ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, itumanaho, no kubaka make. Itanga imicungire yingufu zishingiye ku miyoboro igoye y'amashanyarazi, kunoza imikorere ikorwa ingana no kugabanya imyanda. Yaba yarashyizwe mu byumba byo kugenzura inganda, hashyizweho ahantu h'ubucuruzi, cyangwa ibigo by'ubucuruzi, bituma ikwirakwizwa ry'imbaraga zizewe n'umutekano ntarengwa no guhinduka.

Kubikoresho byinganda, ikora nk'ikigo cyo kwiruka imashini zikomeye, sisitemu ya convestior, n'imirongo y'umusaruro. Mu bigo byamakuru, bituma amashanyarazi adahagarikwa kuri seriveri nibikoresho byo guhuza imiyoboro, bikagabanya igihe cyo kwisiga no kubungabunga ubunyangamugayo. Mu nyubako z'ubucuruzi, ihuza ingamu na sisitemu ya HVAC, lift, n'imiyoboro yo gucana kugirango iyobore neza amashanyarazi neza.

Porogaramu zishobora kongerwa ingufu kandi zungukirwa nububiko bwimikoreshereze yabigenewe. Bashobora guhuzwa mumirima yizuba, sitasiyo yumuyaga, hamwe nibihingwa byamazi kugirango bayobore urwego voltage no gukwirakwiza imbaraga. Hamwe no gushimangira imbaraga zigenda zishimangira imbaraga zirambye, ubwo bubiko bugira uruhare rukomeye muringaniza kubaringaniza grid no kubungabunga ubushobozi bwo gukora ingufu.

Ibiranga byateye imbere kubuyobozi bwamashanyarazi

Kugira ngo duhuze ibyifuzo bya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi bigezweho, Inama y'Abaminisitiri yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi irashobora kuba ifite ibikoresho byo gufata ubwenge. Gukurikirana burundu no kugenzura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ibigo kugirango ukurikirane amashanyarazi igihe nyacyo kandi ufate ibyemezo bikungahazwa. Kwishyira hamwe na scada (kugenzura kugenzura no gukoresha amakuru) sisitemu yongera kugenzura injambi y amashanyarazi, bituma habaho ibintu byamashanyarazi, uburyo bwo guhitamo kwikora, hamwe ningamba zo kubungabunga ingufu.
Ikindi kintu cyateye imbere ni ugushingaModular Kwagura Sisitemu. Mugihe ibikorwa byubucuruzi bikura, ibice byinyongera birashobora kongerwaho kubaminisitiri batitaye kubyuzuye. Ubu buryo bukomeye bugabanya ikiguzi cyo kuzamura no kwemeza igisubizo kizaza-gihamya y'ibikorwa remezo byo gukwirakwiza imbaraga.

 

Umwanzuro

A Gukwirakwiza amashanyarazini igisubizo cyingenzi kubucuruzi ushaka kugenzura imbaraga byizewe kandi neza. Yashinzwe kuramba, umutekano, n'imikorere, byujuje ubuziranenge bwo murwego rwohejuru mugihe utanga guhinduka mugushushanya no kwitondera. Gushora mu bushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ubuziranenge bwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, bitezimbere umutekano w'ibikorwa, kandi ukemeza ko imicungire y'ingufu zidashira mu bijyanye na porogaramu zitandukanye.

Hamwe no kwishyira hamwe kwikoranabuhanga rya SMArvices, ibishushanyo mbonera, n'inganda zujuje inganda, iyi kabine ni ucyumeri w'ibikorwa remezo by'amashanyarazi bya kijyambere. Niba mu buryo bw'inganda, ikwirakwizwa ry'ubucuruzi, cyangwa uburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu rusange, hazashyirwaho ingufu z'amashanyarazi zibangamira inyungu z'igihe kirekire, kuzigama ingufu, no kuzamura imikorere ikoreshwa.