Akabati ko hanze usanga gakomeye cyane kuruta akabati ko mu nzu kuko bagomba guhangana nikirere kibi hanze, harimo izuba n'imvura.Kubwibyo, ubuziranenge, ibikoresho, ubunini, hamwe nubuhanga bwo gutunganya bizaba bitandukanye, kandi imyanya yo gushushanya nayo izaba itandukanye kugirango wirinde gusaza.
Reka nkumenyeshe ibintu birindwi byingenzi tugomba gusuzuma mugihe uguraakabati yo hanze:
1. Ibyiringiro byizewe
Ni ngombwa cyane guhitamo kabili itumanaho yo hanze hamwe ninama ya kabili.Uburangare buke bushobora gutera igihombo kinini.Ntakibazo kiranga ibicuruzwa aribyo, ubuziranenge nicyo kintu cya mbere abakoresha bagomba gutekereza.
2.Ingwate itwara imizigo
Nkuko ubwinshi bwibicuruzwa bishyirwa mu kabari k’itumanaho hanze byiyongera, ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara imitwaro nicyo kintu cyibanze gisabwa kubicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa.Akabati katujuje ibyasobanuwe karashobora kuba keza kandi ntigashobora gufata neza kandi neza ibikoresho muri guverinoma, bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri sisitemu yose.
3. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe
Hariho uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe imbere muriinama yo gutumanaho hanzekwirinda gushyuha cyangwa gukonjesha ibicuruzwa muri guverinoma kugira ngo ibikoresho bikore neza.Inama y'itumanaho yo hanze irashobora gutoranywa murukurikirane rwuzuye kandi irashobora kuba ifite umufana (umufana afite garanti yubuzima).Sisitemu yigenga yumuyaga irashobora gushyirwaho ahantu hashyushye, kandi sisitemu yigenga yo gushyushya no kubika irashobora gushyirwaho ahantu hakonje.
4. Kurwanya kwivanga nabandi
Inama ishinzwe itumanaho ikora neza igomba gutanga inzugi zitandukanye nindi mirimo, nkumukungugu, utarinda amazi cyangwa ibikoresho bya elegitoronike nibindi bikorwa byo kurwanya kwivanga;igomba kandi gutanga ibikoresho bikwiye hamwe nibikoresho byo kwishyiriraho kugirango insinga zorohewe.Biroroshye gucunga, kubika umwanya n'imbaraga.
5. Serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha
Serivise nziza zitangwa nisosiyete, hamwe nibisubizo byuzuye byo kubungabunga ibikoresho byatanzwe, birashobora kuzana ubworoherane kubakoresha no kubitaho.Usibye kuzirikana ingingo zavuzwe haruguru, igisubizo cy’itumanaho ry’inama y’abaminisitiri mu kigo cy’amakuru kigomba no gutekereza ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’imigozi, gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi n’ibindi bintu kugira ngo imikorere myiza ya sisitemu kandi byoroherezwe kuzamura.
6. Sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ingufu
Nigute akabati y'itumanaho yo hanze yihanganira kwiyongera k'ubucucike bw'amashanyarazi?Mugihe icyerekezo cyo kwinjizamo IT cyinshi mu kabari kigenda kigaragara, sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi iba ihuza urufunguzo rwo kumenya niba akabati ishobora gukora neza nkuko bikwiye.Gukwirakwiza imbaraga zifatika bifitanye isano itaziguye no kuboneka kwa sisitemu yose ya IT, kandi ni ihuriro ryibanze ryerekana niba sisitemu yose ishobora gukora imikorere yayo.Iki nikibazo kandi cyirengagijwe nabayobozi benshi bicyumba cya mudasobwa kera.Mugihe ibikoresho bya IT bigenda byiyongera, ubwinshi bwibikoresho byo gushyira mu kabari bikomeje kwiyongera, bikaba bitera imbogamizi zikomeye kuri gahunda yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu kabari k’itumanaho hanze.Muri icyo gihe, kwiyongera kwinjiza no gusohora ibyambu nabyo bishyira hejuru cyane kwizerwa rya sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi.Urebye ibyangombwa bibiri bitanga amashanyarazi kuri seriveri nyinshi, gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi muriakabati yo gutumanaho hanzebiba byinshi kandi bigoye.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ingufu za guverinoma kigomba gukurikiza ihame ryo kwizerwa nkikigo, cyagenewe cyane cyane gahunda y’abaminisitiri, kandi kigahuzwa kandi kigahuza hamwe na sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi.Mugihe kimwe, ibyoroshye byo kwishyiriraho nubuyobozi bwubwenge bigomba kwitabwaho., guhuza n'imikorere ikomeye, imikorere yoroshye no kuyitaho nibindi biranga.Sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ingufu za guverinoma igomba kuzana amashanyarazi hafi yumutwaro kugirango ugabanye ibitagenda neza munzira yamashanyarazi.Muri icyo gihe, kugenzura hafi no kurebera hamwe imizigo igezweho no kugenzura kure gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi bigomba kurangira buhoro buhoro, kugirango imicungire y’amashanyarazi ishobore kwinjizwa muri sisitemu yo gucunga neza ubwenge bwicyumba cya mudasobwa.
7. Gutegura umugozi
Nakora iki niba hari ikibazo cya kabili?Mucyumba kinini cya mudasobwa, biragoye kunyura mu kabari kinshi ko gutumanaho hanze, kereka niba byihuse kubona no gusana imirongo idakwiye.Niba gahunda rusange yo kujugunya kuriInama y'Abaminisitiriirahari kandi gucunga insinga muri guverenema bizaba kimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi byiperereza.Urebye imigozi ya kabili imbere mumabati yitumanaho yo hanze, ibigo byamakuru byumunsi bifite ubwinshi bwimiterere yabaministre, byakira ibikoresho byinshi bya IT, koresha umubare munini wibikoresho bitarenze urugero (nkibikoresho byamashanyarazi bya Foshan, ibikoresho byo kubika, nibindi), kandi bikunze kugena ibikoresho mu kabari.Impinduka, imirongo yamakuru hamwe ninsinga byongeweho cyangwa bivanwaho umwanya uwariwo wose.Kubera iyo mpamvu, inama y’itumanaho yo hanze igomba gutanga imiyoboro ihagije kugira ngo insinga zinjire kandi zisohoke kuva hejuru no hepfo y’abaminisitiri.Imbere y'abaminisitiri, gushyira insinga bigomba kuba byoroshye kandi bifite gahunda, hafi ya kabili y'ibikoresho kugirango bigabanye intera y'insinga;gabanya umwanya ufitwe ninsinga, kandi urebe ko ntakintu kibangamira insinga mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, guhindura, no gufata neza ibikoresho., kandi urebe ko ubukonje bwo mu kirere butazabangamirwa ninsinga;icyarimwe, mugihe habaye amakosa, insinga yibikoresho irashobora kuboneka vuba.
Iyo duteganya ikigo cyamakuru kirimo seriveri nibicuruzwa bibikwa, akenshi ntitwitaye kuri "minutiae" yububiko bwitumanaho hanze nibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi.Ariko, mugushiraho no gukoresha sisitemu, ibyo bikoresho bifasha nabyo bigira uruhare runini mubwizerwa bwa sisitemu.Ingaruka.Urebye ku biciro, akabati yo gutumanaho hanze hamwe na racks biri hagati y ibihumbi bike kugeza ku bihumbi mirongo, bidashobora kugereranywa nagaciro k ibikoresho byimbere mumeze neza.Bitewe no kwibanda ku bikoresho imbere y’abaminisitiri, bimwe mu bisabwa "bikaze" ibisabwa kugira ngo utumanaho hanze n’itumanaho.Niba nta hitabwa ku guhitamo, ibibazo biterwa mugihe cyo gukoresha birashobora kuba binini.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-24-2023
