Ibaruramariurupapuro rw'icyumani impinduka kandi biterwa nigishushanyo cyihariye. Ntabwo ari itegeko ridahinduka. Ugomba gusobanukirwa uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya ibice byicyuma. Muri rusange, igiciro cyibicuruzwa = amafaranga yibikoresho + amafaranga yo gutunganya + (amafaranga yo kuvura hejuru) + imisoro itandukanye + inyungu. Niba urupapuro rwicyuma rusaba ibishushanyo, amafaranga yububiko azongerwaho.
Amafaranga yububiko (gereranya numubare ntarengwa wa sitasiyo zisabwa kugirango ubumbabumbwe ukurikije uburyo bwo gukora impapuro, sitasiyo 1 = 1 yashizweho)
1. Mubibumbano, uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura ibintu byatoranijwe ukurikije intego yibibumbano: ingano yimashini itunganya, ingano yo gutunganya, ibisabwa neza, nibindi.;
2. Ibikoresho (ukurikije igiciro cyashyizwe ku rutonde, witondere niba ari ubwoko bwibyuma bidasanzwe kandi niba bigomba gutumizwa mu mahanga);
3. Ibicuruzwa (ibiciro binini byo gutwara ibyuma);
4. Imisoro;
5. 15 ~ 20% amafaranga yo gucunga no kugurisha;
Igiciro cyose cyibikoresho bisanzwe bitunganyirizwa gutunganya ni rusange = amafaranga yibikoresho + amafaranga yo gutunganya + ibice bisanzwe byagenwe + gushushanya hejuru + inyungu, amafaranga yo gucunga + igipimo cy'umusoro.
Mugihe cyo gutunganya uduce duto tutifashishije ibishushanyo, muri rusange tubara uburemere bwibintu * (1.2 ~ 1.3) = uburemere bukabije, kandi tubara igiciro cyibikoresho ukurikije uburemere rusange * igiciro cyibikoresho; igiciro cyo gutunganya = (1 ~ 1.5) * igiciro cyibikoresho; imitako yo gushushanya amashanyarazi Muri rusange, barabaze bakurikije uburemere bwibice byibice. Ikiro kimwe cyibice kigura angahe? Ni kangahe metero kare imwe yo gutera? Kurugero, isahani ya nikel ibarwa hashingiwe kuri 8 ~ 10 / kg, amafaranga yibikoresho + amafaranga yo gutunganya + igipimo cyagenwe. Ibice + gushushanya hejuru = igiciro, inyungu irashobora guhitamo nkigiciro * (15% ~ 20%); igipimo cy'umusoro = (ikiguzi + inyungu, amafaranga yo gucunga) * 0.17. Hano hari inyandiko kuri iki kigereranyo: amafaranga yibikoresho ntagomba kubamo umusoro.
Iyo umusaruro mwinshi usaba gukoresha ibishushanyo, ibivugwa muri rusange bigabanijwemo ibishushanyo mbonera. Niba ibishushanyo byakoreshejwe, ibiciro byo gutunganya ibice bishobora kuba bike, kandi inyungu yose igomba kwemezwa nubunini bwibikorwa. Igiciro cyibikoresho fatizo muruganda rwacu muri rusange ni net net ukuyemo igipimo cyo gukoresha ibikoresho. Kuberako hazabaho ibibazo nibikoresho bisigaye bidashobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo gusiba cyaimpapuro. Bimwe muribi birashobora gukoreshwa ubungubu, ariko bimwe birashobora kugurishwa nkibisigazwa gusa.
Urupapuro rukora ibyuma Igiciro cyibice byicyuma bigabanijwemo ibice bikurikira:
1. Igiciro cyibikoresho
Igiciro cyibikoresho bivuga igiciro cyibikoresho ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera = ingano yibikoresho * ubwinshi bwibintu * igiciro cyibikoresho.
2. Ibiciro bisanzwe
Yerekeza ku giciro cyibice bisanzwe bisabwa nigishushanyo.
3. Amafaranga yo gutunganya
Yerekeza kumafaranga yo gutunganya asabwa kuri buri nzira isabwa gutunganya ibicuruzwa. Ushaka ibisobanuro birambuye kubigize buri gikorwa, nyamuneka reba "Imiterere y'ibaruramari" na "Imbonerahamwe y'ibiciro bya buri nzira". Ibikorwa nyamukuru byigiciro byashyizwe kurutonde kugirango bisobanurwe.
1) CNC yerekana
Igiciro cyacyo = ibikoresho byo guta agaciro na amortisation + ikiguzi cyumurimo + ibikoresho byingirakamaro nibikoresho guta agaciro no gukuramo amortisation:
Guta agaciro kw'ibikoresho bibarwa hashingiwe ku myaka 5, kandi buri mwaka byandikwa nk'amezi 12, iminsi 22 ku kwezi, n'amasaha 8 ku munsi.
Kurugero: kuri miliyoni 2 yu bikoresho byibikoresho, guta ibikoresho kumasaha = 200 * 10000/5/12/22/8 = 189.4 yuan / isaha
Igiciro c'akazi:
Buri CNC isaba abatekinisiye 3 gukora. Impuzandengo ya buri kwezi ya buri mutekinisiye ni 1.800. Bakora iminsi 22 mukwezi, amasaha 8 kumunsi, ni ukuvuga igiciro cyisaha = 1.800 * 3/22/8 = 31 yuan / isaha. Igiciro cyibikoresho byunganira: bivuga ibikoresho byingirakamaro nkibikoresho byo gusiga amavuta hamwe n’amazi ahindagurika asabwa kugirango ibikoresho bikoreshwe bigura amafaranga 1.000 buri kwezi kuri buri bikoresho. Ukurikije iminsi 22 buri kwezi namasaha 8 kumunsi, igiciro cyisaha = 1.000/22/8 = 5.68 yuan / saha.
1) Kwunama
Igiciro cyacyo = ibikoresho byo guta agaciro na amortisation + ikiguzi cyumurimo + ibikoresho byingirakamaro nibikoresho guta agaciro no gukuramo amortisation:
Guta agaciro kw'ibikoresho bibarwa hashingiwe ku myaka 5, kandi buri mwaka byandikwa nk'amezi 12, iminsi 22 ku kwezi, n'amasaha 8 ku munsi.
Kurugero: kubikoresho bifite agaciro ka 500.000, guta agaciro kubikoresho kumunota = 50 * 10000/5/12/22/8/60 = 0,79 yuan / umunota. Mubisanzwe bifata amasegonda 10 kugeza kumasegonda 100 kugirango uhetamye umwe, ibikoresho rero bitesha agaciro igikoresho cyose. = 0.13-1.3 Yuan / icyuma. Igiciro c'akazi:
Buri gikoresho gisaba umutekinisiye umwe gukora. Impuzandengo ya buri kwezi ya buri mutekinisiye ni 1.800. Akora iminsi 22 mukwezi, amasaha 8 kumunsi, ni ukuvuga ikiguzi kumunota ni 1.800 / 22/8/60 = 0.17 yuan / umunota, naho igiciro cyo kumunota ni 1.800 / ukwezi. Irashobora gukora 1-2 igoramye, bityo: igiciro cyakazi kuri bend = 0.08-0.17 yuan / igiciro cyicyuma cyibikoresho bifasha:
Igiciro cya buri kwezi cyibikoresho byingirakamaro kuri buri mashini igoramye ni 600. Ukurikije iminsi 22 buri kwezi namasaha 8 kumunsi, igiciro cyisaha = 600/22/8/60 = 0.06 yuan / icyuma
1) Kuvura hejuru
Amafaranga yo gutera hanze yatanzwe agizwe nigiciro cyubuguzi (nka electroplating, okiside):
Amafaranga yo gusasa = amafaranga y'ibikoresho by'ifu + amafaranga y'akazi + amafaranga y'ibikoresho bifasha + guta ibikoresho
Amafaranga yifu yifu: Uburyo bwo kubara bushingiye kuri metero kare. Igiciro cya buri kilo yifu yifu kuva kuri 25-60 yuan (cyane cyane bijyanye nibisabwa nabakiriya). Buri kilo yifu irashobora gutera metero kare 4-5. Amafaranga yifu yifu = 6-15 yuan / metero kare
Igiciro cyakazi: Hano hari abantu 15 kumurongo wo gutera, buri muntu yishyuzwa amafaranga 1200 / ukwezi, iminsi 22 mukwezi, amasaha 8 kumunsi, kandi ashobora gutera metero kare 30 kumasaha. Igiciro cyakazi = 15 * 1200/22/8/30 = 3,4 yuan / metero kare
Amafaranga yingoboka: ahanini yerekeza kubiciro byamazi yabanje kuvurwa na lisansi ikoreshwa mu ziko rikiza. Ni amafaranga 50.000 buri kwezi. Ishingiye ku minsi 22 buri kwezi, amasaha 8 kumunsi, no gutera metero kare 30 kumasaha.
Amafaranga y'ibikoresho bifasha = 9.47 yuan / metero kare
Guta agaciro kw'ibikoresho: Ishoramari mumurongo wo gutera ni miliyoni 1, kandi guta agaciro gushingiye kumyaka 5. Ni Ukuboza buri mwaka, iminsi 22 mukwezi, amasaha 8 kumunsi, kandi itera metero kare 30 kumasaha. Igiciro cyo guta ibikoresho = 100 * 10000/5/12/22/8/30 = 3.16 yuan / metero kare. Igiciro cyose cyo gutera = 22-32 yuan / metero kare. Niba igice cyo gukingira igice gisabwa, ikiguzi kizaba kinini.
4.Amafaranga yo gupakira
Ukurikije ibicuruzwa, ibisabwa byo gupakira biratandukanye kandi igiciro kiratandukanye, muri rusange metero 20-30.
5. Amafaranga yo gucunga ubwikorezi
Ibiciro byo kohereza bibarwa mubicuruzwa.
6. Amafaranga yo gucunga
Amafaranga yo gucunga afite ibice bibiri: ubukode bwuruganda, amazi n amashanyarazi hamwe namafaranga. Ubukode bw'uruganda, amazi n'amashanyarazi:
Ubukode bw'uruganda buri kwezi kumazi n'amashanyarazi ni 150.000 Yuu, naho umusaruro wa buri kwezi ubarwa nka miliyoni 4. Umubare wubukode bwuruganda kumazi namashanyarazi kubisohoka ni = 15/400 = 3,75%. Amafaranga yakoreshejwe:
Kubera kudahuza hagati yinzira zishobora kwishyurwa kandi zishyuwe (tugura ibikoresho mumafaranga kandi abakiriya batura buri kwezi mugihe cyiminsi 60), dukeneye guhagarika amafaranga byibuze amezi 3, kandi inyungu za banki ni 1.25-1.5%.
Kubwibyo: amafaranga yubuyobozi agomba kuba hafi 5% yikiguzi cyose.
7. Inyungu
Urebye iterambere ryigihe kirekire ryikigo hamwe na serivise nziza zabakiriya, inyungu zacu ni 10% -15%.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-06-2023
